Our study describes the potential for a highly effective bladder vaccine that can not only eradicate residual bladder bacteria but also prevent future infections," says senior author Soman Abraham, Ph.D., a professor of Pathology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics & Microbiology with Duke University's School of Medicine. J. Reprod. Results from the univariate analysis showed that total testosterone levels were inversely associated with increased risk of ICU admission (OR 0.54, P<0.0001) or death (OR 0.68, P<0.002)92. 160, 25372540 (2000). Levi, M., Thachil, J., Iba, T. & Levy, J. H. Coagulation abnormalities and thrombosis in patients with COVID-19. Med. BMJ 372, n509 (2021). Thus, the discussion on the effects of RAAS blockers on the outcome of patients with COVID-19 has been quite controversial26; however, drugs targeting the RAAS have shown no relevant improvements in the risk of COVID-19 infection and disease outcome30. The effect of androgen deprivation therapy on COVID-19 survival is still debated. A pneumonia outbreak of unknown aetiology was reported in Wuhan at the end of 2019 (ref.1). Fewer people should get sick, and more lives can be saved. Tsai CH, Lee WC, Shen YC, Wang HJ, Chuang YC. Urinary viral shedding of COVID-19 and its clinical associations: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Google Scholar. Released: Mar 13, 2023 . COVID-19-related outcomes in immunocompromised patients: a nationwide study in Korea. Two days prior to the onset of her symptoms she received her second Pfizer . Thromboembolic complications, which are frequent in COVID-19, also affect urogenital organs. 2, 140149 (2021). Moreover, in a prospective cohort study in which patients with COVID-19 (n=89) were compared with patients with non-COVID-19 respiratory tract infection (n=30) and age-matched healthy individuals (n=143), total testosterone levels were decreased in patients with COVID-19, but also in patients with non-COVID-19 respiratory tract infections93, indicating that the observed hormonal imbalances might be a general phenomenon of critical illness, non-specific for SARS-CoV-2 infection95. Sperm parameters before and after COVID-19 mRNA vaccination. 2021;36:e153. Nature 601, 177 (2022). Multiple expression assessments of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 SARS-CoV-2 entry molecules in the urinary tract and their associations with clinical manifestations of COVID-19. Afshari, A., Janfeshan, S., Yaghobi, R., Roozbeh, J. It is uncertain if everyone with long COVID will fully recover, though. Nat. Traish, A., Bolanos, J., Nair, S., Saad, F. & Morgentaler, A. National Library of Medicine J. Urol. No data on the sperm quality in these men before COVID-19 infection are available; therefore, the possibility of a low sperm count before COVID-19 infection exists. Hepatol. After the acute phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection, patients might still suffer from fatigue, breathing difficulty and fever14. Clin. & Pollak, M. R. APOL1 and kidney disease: from genetics to biology. Moreover, disease severity of COVID-19, measured by hospitalizations and ICU admissions, is higher in men than in women, a phenomenon already observed in previous coronavirus epidemics (SARS-CoV, 2002, and Middle East respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (MERS), 2012)101. Rev. Bacteriuria in patients with an orthotopic ileal neobladder: urinary tract infection or asymptomatic bacteriuria? Tur-Kaspa, I., Tur-Kaspa, T., Hildebrand, G. & Cohen, D. COVID-19 may affect male fertility but is not sexually transmitted: a systematic review.